Kosher and Jewish Life in Saint-Mande

Saint-Mandé is a high-end commune of the Val-de-Marne department in Île-de-France in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 5.3 km (3.3 mi) from the center of Paris. The municipality is the sixth smallest surface of Île-de-France, and therefore one of the most densely populated ones in Europe. It is located on the edge of the 12th district of Paris, near the Porte de Vincennes and Porte de Saint-Mandé. The motto of the city is "Cresco et Floresco", which means "I grow and I flourish". On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighboring communes. In 1929, the commune of Saint-Mandé lost one-quarter of its territory when the city of Paris annexed the Bois de Vincennes, a small part of which belonged to Saint-Mandé, leaving Saint-Mandé as a small rump commune after the territorial losses of 1860 and 1929. The population is about 23,000.